New York: year 2022 become a marker of Indonesia’s success on the international political scene. Conducting summit meetings G20 in Bali on November 15 and 16, 2022 will be the main highlight.
The G20 was originally a meeting to discuss economic issues. But with that Russo-Ukrainian War, political issues have become very thick. Indeed, Russia is a member of the G20 and Ukraine, although not a member of the G20, is an important ally for the Western world like the United States (US) and the European Union.
Since assuming the G20 Presidency on December 1, 2021, Indonesia has adopted the theme “Recover together Recover stronger‘, the Indonesian presidency has sent a very profound message for the world to recover together from the pandemic. There are six flagship programs of the G20 Presidency, including:
- exit strategy to support economic recovery.
- scarring effect to ensure future growth.
- Digital payment system.
- Sustainable finance.
- Financial inclusion.
- international taxation.
Indonesia’s G20 Presidency has also demonstrated a level of resilience and resilience in the face of a pandemic. At the same time, promote Indonesia’s commitment and potential in the practice of global leadership.
The Russian-Ukrainian crisis is looming
Indonesia leads the G20 in tough times. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 immediately plunged the world into a multidimensional crisis. Not just a pandemic, but ultimately the world is also facing an economic crisis as well as food shortage and energy issues.
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Russia’s action against Ukraine prompted major G20 member countries to pressure Indonesia not to include Russia on all G20 agendas at the start of the year until its closure. in November 2022.
In the end, Russia was still included because Indonesia insisted the G20 was a forum to discuss the economy, not security.
Due to this difficulty, Indonesia is considered pessimistic to lead G20 Summit and file a joint return.
Chief’s presence
At the summit of the G20 summit, almost all countries are led by heads of state. But famous heads of state are present in Bali.
These include US President Joe Biden, French President Emmanuel Macron, British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Meanwhile, Russia, very concerned, was not followed by President Vladimir Putin. Putin sent Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov to replace him.
Meanwhile, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky attended the summit virtually.
Concrete steps
Foreign Minister Retno underlined that Indonesia has successfully delivered on its promise to lead the G20 presidency in the best possible way. Indonesia’s success has also been hailed by the international community.
One of the promises made by President Joko Widodo at the start of Indonesia’s G20 presidency was to make the interests of developing countries heard.
“If we look at the paragraphs of the G20 statement, it is evident that the interests and voices of developing countries are well expressed,” Foreign Minister Retno said.
“Inclusiveness is also reflected in paragraphs that pay attention to women. Even the interests of a small island nation are expressed,” he continued.
In addition, for the first time, the G20 can present a list of concrete collaborations, namely the annex entitled G20 actions for a strong and inclusive recovery.
“Global health resilience is being strengthened, among other things through the establishment of the Pandemic Fund, which stands at $1.5 billion per second and will continue to grow,” he said.
However, not only the Pandemic Fund, the G20 has also committed to the energy transition which includes the financing of collaborative technologies. Retno explained that fiscal capacity support for poor and vulnerable countries has also been secured with funding commitments of up to $81.6 billion from developed countries.
final statement
The second day G20 summit, Wednesday 16 November 2022, produced a joint statement in the form of a Leaders’ Statement. There are 52 points in this statement, including the Russian-Ukrainian war.
According to the G20 member countries, Russia’s aggression in Ukraine since last February has had a negative impact on the global economy.
“We have reiterated our national position in various other forums, including the Security Council and the United Nations General Assembly, which have strongly condemned the Russian Federation’s aggression against Ukraine and called on Russia to unconditionally withdraw all its troops from Ukraine,” added the third point to read the G20 Leaders’ Statement.
“Most Member States have condemned war in ukraineand stressed that the conflict has caused great suffering to humanity and exacerbated the fragility of the global economy.”
In the economic context, the negative effects of the Russian war include slower growth, increased inflation, disruption of supply chains, deterioration of energy and food security, and increased risks to financial stability.
Hit
The Kremlin calls the final declaration G20 Summit which was recently summed up in Indonesia as a “victory for common sense”. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said the G20 could have ended without a final declaration for the first time in history, but the “blind aggressiveness of the West was neutralized” and a compromise was reached. found.
Pesco added, Russia plans to continue working with the G20, calling it the most effective platform to address existing global issues.
At the end of the summit, the G20 issued a final statement, stating that most members condemned the war in Ukraine and stressed that it was causing enormous human suffering and exacerbating existing vulnerabilities in the global economy.
Minister of Foreign Affairs Retno Marsudi revealed that Indonesia’s leadership in the G20 had received high praise. Compliments were even given by international observers.
“A lot of parties are saying if Indonesia is not the G20 chair, maybe the G20 is no more. intact again,” he said in a speech to the Indonesian Foreign Policy Congress (CIFP) in Jakarta on Saturday, November 26, 2022.
Foreign Minister Retno said various international communities have praised Indonesia’s leadership in this year’s G20, which has been described as difficult. A eulogy comes from Shada Islam who writes on euobserver.com.
Further praise also came from Greg Poling who is an observer at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. “Indonesia deserves praise for coming out of this without a big blowout,” Retno said, citing Poling’s writings.
On the other hand, Aaron Connelly, a senior fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, said: “The G20 summit was not messy, and it produced a communiqué. It wasn’t really a Declaration statement, and I think it should be considered a success.”
Disturbance
There was a slight disruption during the G20 summit. The full program of the Summit Agenda Series (Mountain peak) The second day of the G20 is expected to move back 90 minutes. The reason for this was that some of the leaders of the countries present, in particular those belonging to the G7, had to hold an emergency meeting following the incident where a Russian missile was fired at Poland.
The emergency meeting took place in the morning, coinciding with the planned visits of Heads of State G20 in the great forest park of Ngurah Rai (Tahura). In fact, to bridge the time gap, President Joko Widodo, who has been at the scene since about 08:00 WITA, may first visit the scene with a number of foreign media.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who previously delivered a virtual speech, accused Russia of being behind the missile fire at Poland.
But the United States (US) and several countries supporting Ukraine do not fully believe this claim. Even US President Joe Biden has said he doubts the missile came from Russia.
It was eventually concluded that the missile came from Ukraine itself. Despite this, Ukraine insists the missiles came from Russia.
Attention
The G20 summit in Bali has become a summit that has attracted the attention of many parties. Not only the stakes of the summit, but the variety of events and the behavior of the officials who participated in them.
The cultural event at the G20 dinner at Garuda Wishnu Kencana sparked many parties. Attractions during dinner that also amazed world leaders.
What attracts attention is the behavior of leaders. It’s as if French President Emmanuel Macron is enjoying Bali walking around remembering his childhood trip to Bali.
Later, new British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau were caught having dinner together at a local stall. Trudeau even enjoys a Bintang beer while Sunak enjoys an orange drink.
No less interesting is the act of PUPR Minister Basuki Hadimulyono. Wearing his cap backwards, Minister Basuki carried a camera and mingled with other guests and journalists who intended to photograph the world leaders in attendance.
With the end of the G20 summit, Indonesia handed over the G20 presidency to India. Closing his speech, President Joko Widodo said: “Let’s recover together, let’s recover stronger”.
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(FJR)
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